What Type of Fire Extinguisher Is Safe for Electrical Fires
- Fire Products Direct
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Choosing the Right Fire Extinguisher for Electrical Fires
For electrical fires, it's recommended to use Class E fire extinguishers that are specifically labelled for electrical equipment. These extinguishers contain non-conductive materials such as carbon dioxide (CO2) or dry chemical agents that are safe to use on live electrical equipment and won't conduct electricity. It's important to always turn off the power source before attempting to extinguish an electrical fire. Electrical fires are one of the most dangerous types of fires, primarily due to their connection with live electrical equipment. When electrical components catch fire, the use of the wrong fire extinguisher can lead to catastrophic consequences, including electric shock or further spreading of the fire. Understanding which fire extinguishers are safe for electrical fires is crucial for ensuring safety and minimising damage.
What Are Electrical Fires?
Electrical fires are fires that involve electrical equipment or wiring. These fires are classified differently depending on the region. In Australia, they are labelled as Class E fires, while in other areas like the United States, they are categorised under Class C fires. These fires can originate from faulty wiring, overloaded circuits, or malfunctioning electronic devices.
The main hazard with electrical fires is the live current flowing through the equipment. This makes it extremely dangerous to use water-based extinguishers, as water conducts electricity and could cause electrocution.
Why Not All Fire Extinguishers Are Safe for Electrical Fires
When it comes to extinguishing an electrical fire, safety is the number one concern. Water, foam, and wet chemical fire extinguishers are strictly not safe for electrical fires. Here’s why:
Water Extinguishers: Water conducts electricity, posing a risk of electric shock.
Foam Extinguishers: Foam solutions are water-based and can also conduct electricity.
Wet Chemical Extinguishers: Designed for grease and cooking fires, but dangerous for electrical fires due to their conductive properties.
Using these extinguishers on live electrical equipment not only risks electrocution but can also cause the fire to spread further.
Safe Types of Fire Extinguishers for Electrical Fires
To safely handle electrical fires, you need to use non-conductive extinguishing agents. Below are the primary types of fire extinguishers safe for electrical fires:
1. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Fire Extinguishers
CO2 extinguishers are among the best options for electrical fires. These extinguishers work by displacing oxygen around the fire, effectively suffocating it.
Advantages:
Non-conductive and safe for live electrical equipment
Leaves no residue, protecting sensitive electronics
Cools the fire quickly by replacing oxygen
Identification in Australia:
Red body with a black band near the top
2. Dry Chemical Powder (ABE) Fire Extinguishers
Another safe option for electrical fires is the Dry Chemical Powder (ABE) extinguisher. This type uses a fine powder, typically monoammonium phosphate, which interrupts the fire’s chemical reaction.
Advantages:
Effective on Class A (ordinary combustibles), Class B (flammable liquids), and Class E (electrical) fires
Non-conductive and safe for live electrical equipment
Versatile for multi-class fire risks
Identification in Australia:
Red body with a white band
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher on an Electrical Fire
Knowing which fire extinguisher to use is only part of the solution. You also need to understand the proper technique for using it:
Pull the Pin: This unlocks the operating lever.
Aim the Nozzle: Direct it at the base of the fire, not the flames.
Squeeze the Handle: This releases the extinguishing agent.
Sweep from Side to Side: Cover the entire area to prevent re-ignition.
Important Tip: If it is safe, disconnect the power source before using the extinguisher. This reduces the risk of electrical currents causing further harm.
Key Safety Notes for Electrical Fires
Never use water, foam, or wet chemical extinguishers on electrical fires. These agents are conductive and can cause electrocution.
Always prioritise safety. If you cannot safely approach the fire or cut the power, evacuate and call emergency services.
Regularly check fire extinguishers to ensure they are fully charged and properly maintained.
Keep CO2 and Dry Chemical Powder extinguishers readily accessible near electrical equipment.
Fire Extinguisher Maintenance and Inspection
Fire extinguishers must be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure they work when you need them most. Here’s a basic checklist:
Monthly Checks: Ensure the extinguisher is in its designated place and is not obstructed.
Pressure Gauge: Verify that the pressure is within the recommended range.
Seals and Tamper Indicators: Ensure these are intact.
Annual Servicing: Have a professional inspect the extinguisher annually.
Five-Year Inspection: For CO2 extinguishers, perform a hydrostatic test every five years.
Legal Requirements for Fire Extinguishers in Australia
In Australia, the AS 1851 standard dictates the requirements for fire extinguisher maintenance. Businesses are required to:
Maintain extinguishers every six months.
Conduct hydrostatic testing as per the extinguisher type.
Clearly label and mark extinguishers for easy identification.
Failure to comply with these regulations can result in fines and increased liability in case of a fire emergency.
Conclusion
Understanding the right fire extinguishers for electrical fires can be the difference between a minor incident and a major disaster. Always choose Carbon Dioxide (CO2) or Dry Chemical Powder (ABE) extinguishers for electrical fires to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Remember, the key is to act fast but safely. If you cannot extinguish the fire quickly or cut off the power source, evacuate and call emergency services. Proper preparation and knowledge are your best defences against the risks of electrical fires.
CO2 Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers are most commonly used to combat electrical fires. Class C fires are fires that involve electrical equipment, such as appliances, wiring, or electrical panels. The electrical current in these types of fires makes it dangerous to use water-based extinguishing agents, as they can conduct electricity and cause electrocution. For Class C fires, it's recommended to use fire extinguishers that are labelled as suitable for electrical fires and contain non-conductive extinguishing agents, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) or dry chemical agents.
There are 3 sizes of CO2 Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers:
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