Choosing the Right Fire Extinguisher for Electrical Fires
- Fire Products Direct
- May 12
- 4 min read
Updated: 15 hours ago
When dealing with electrical fires, it is crucial to have the right tools at your disposal. It is recommended to use Class E fire extinguishers, specifically labelled for electrical equipment. These extinguishers contain non-conductive materials, like carbon dioxide (*CO2)* or dry chemical agents. They are safe for use on live electrical equipment and do not conduct electricity. Always remember to turn off the power source before attempting to extinguish an electrical fire.
Electrical fires can be particularly dangerous due to their association with live electrical equipment. Using the wrong type of extinguisher can lead to catastrophic outcomes, including electric shock or the fire spreading further. Understanding which fire extinguishers are safe for electrical fires is essential for ensuring safety and minimising damage.
Understanding Electrical Fires
What Are Electrical Fires?
Electrical fires are those that involve electrical equipment or wiring. The classification of these fires varies by region. In Australia, they are classified as Class E fires, while in the United States, they fall under Class C fires. Common causes include faulty wiring, overloaded circuits, or malfunctioning electronic devices.
The most significant hazard associated with electrical fires is the live current flowing through the equipment. This makes using water-based extinguishers extremely dangerous, as water conducts electricity and could result in electrocution.
How Do Electrical Fires Start?
Understanding how electrical fires can ignite is key to prevention. Here are some common causes:
Faulty Wiring: Old or damaged wires can short circuit.
Overloaded Circuits: Plugging in too many devices can generate excessive heat.
Malfunctioning Appliances: Devices that are damaged or poorly maintained can spark fires.
Recognising these risks can help in preventing electrical fires before they start.
Why Not All Fire Extinguishers Are Safe for Electrical Fires
When extinguishing an electrical fire, safety should always be the priority. Water, foam, and wet chemical fire extinguishers are strictly not safe for electrical fires. Here’s why:
Water Extinguishers: Water conducts electricity and poses a risk of electric shock.
Foam Extinguishers: Foam solutions are water-based and can also conduct electricity.
Wet Chemical Extinguishers: Although designed for grease and cooking fires, they are dangerous for electrical fires due to their conductive properties.
Using these extinguishers on live electrical equipment not only increases the risk of electrocution but can also exacerbate the fire.
Safe Types of Fire Extinguishers for Electrical Fires
When it comes to tackling electrical fires safely, non-conductive extinguishing agents are your best choice. Below are the primary types of fire extinguishers that are safe for use on electrical fires:
1. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Fire Extinguishers
CO2 extinguishers are one of the best choices for electrical fires. They work by displacing oxygen around the fire, effectively suffocating it.
Advantages:
Non-conductive and safe for live electrical equipment.
Leaves no residue, protecting sensitive electronics.
Quickly cools the fire by replacing oxygen.
Identification in Australia:
Red body with a black band near the top.
2. Dry Chemical Powder (ABE) Fire Extinguishers
Another safe option for electrical fires is the Dry Chemical Powder (ABE) extinguisher. This type uses a fine powder, typically monoammonium phosphate, which interrupts the fire’s chemical reaction.
Advantages:
Effective on Class A (ordinary combustibles), Class B (flammable liquids), and Class E (electrical) fires.
Non-conductive and safe for live electrical equipment.
Versatile for multi-class fire risks.
Identification in Australia:
Red body with a white band.
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher on an Electrical Fire
Knowing the right fire extinguisher to use is only part of the solution. You also need to understand the proper technique for using it:
Pull the Pin: This unlocks the operating lever.
Aim the Nozzle: Direct it at the base of the fire, not at the flames.
Squeeze the Handle: This releases the extinguishing agent.
Sweep from Side to Side: Cover the entire area to prevent re-ignition.
Important Tip: If it is safe to do so, disconnect the power source before using the extinguisher. This reduces the risk of electrical currents causing further harm.
Key Safety Notes for Electrical Fires
Never use water, foam, or wet chemical extinguishers on electrical fires. These agents are conductive and can cause electrocution.
Always prioritise safety. If you cannot safely approach the fire or cut the power, evacuate and call emergency services.
Regularly check fire extinguishers to ensure they are fully charged and properly maintained.
Keep CO2 and Dry Chemical Powder extinguishers readily accessible near electrical equipment.
Fire Extinguisher Maintenance and Inspection
Proper fire extinguisher maintenance is vital. Regular inspections ensure that extinguishers function when required. Here’s a quick checklist:
Monthly Checks: Confirm the extinguisher is in its designated place without obstructions.
Pressure Gauge: Check that the pressure is within the recommended range.
Seals and Tamper Indicators: Ensure these are intact.
Annual Servicing: Have a qualified professional inspect the extinguisher yearly.
Five-Year Inspection: For CO2 extinguishers, conduct a hydrostatic test every five years.
Legal Requirements for Fire Extinguishers in Australia
In Australia, the AS 1851 standard outlines fire extinguisher maintenance requirements. Businesses must:
Maintain extinguishers every six months.
Conduct hydrostatic testing as per the extinguisher type.
Clearly label and mark extinguishers for easy identification.
Failure to comply can lead to fines and increased liability in case of a fire emergency.
Conclusion
Understanding the right fire extinguishers for electrical fires can be the difference between a minor incident and a major disaster. Always select Carbon Dioxide (CO2) or Dry Chemical Powder (ABE) extinguishers for electrical fires to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Remember, the key is to act fast but safely. If you cannot extinguish the fire quickly or cut off the power source, evacuate and call emergency services. Proper preparation and knowledge are your best defences against the risks of electrical fires.
CO2 Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers are most commonly used to combat electrical fires. Class C fires are those that involve electrical equipment, such as appliances, wiring, or electrical panels. The electrical current in these fires makes it dangerous to use water-based extinguishing agents, as they can conduct electricity and cause electrocution. For Class C fires, it is advised to use fire extinguishers labelled as suitable for electrical fires, containing non-conductive extinguishing agents, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) or dry chemical agents.
There are various sizes of CO2 Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers available:
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